Looking for Spinoza
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"In clear, accessible and at times eloquent prose, Damasio is outlining nothing less than a new vision of the human soul, integrating body and mind, thought and feeling, individual survival and altruism, humanity and nature, ethics and evolution." -SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE JOY, SORROW, JEALOUSY, AND AWE-these and other feelings are the stuff of our daily lives. Thought to be too private for science to explain and not essential for understanding cognition, they have largely been ignored. But not by Spinoza, and not by Antonio Damasio. In Looking for Spinoza, Damasio, one of the world's leading neuroscientists, draws on his innovative research and on his experience with neurological patients to examine how feelings and the emotions that underlie them support human survival and enable the spirit's greatest creations. Looking for Spinoza rediscovers a thinker whose work prefigures modern neuroscience, not only in his emphasis on emotions and feelings, but in his refusal to separate mind and body. Together, the scientist and the philosopher help us understand what we're made of, and what we're here for. "Exceptionally engaging and profoundly gratifying . . . Achieves a unique combination of scientific exposition, historical discovery and deep personal statement regarding the human condition." -NATURE Antonio Damasio is the Van Allen Distinguished Professor and head of the department of neurology at the University of Iowa Medical Center and is an adjunct professor at the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California. The recipient of numerous awards, he is a member of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences and a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Damasio's books are read and taught in universities worldwide.
Joy, Sorrow, Jealousy, and Awe-these and other feelings are the stuff of our daily lives. Thought to be too private for science to explain and not essential for understanding cognition, they have largely been ignored. But not by Spinoza, and not by Antonio Damasio. In Looking for Spinoza, Damasio, one of the world's leading neuroscientists, draws on his innovative research and on his experience with neurological patients to examine how feelings and the emotions that underlie them support human survival and enable the spirit's greatest creations. Looking for Spinoza rediscovers a thinker whose work prefigures modern neuroscience, not only in his emphasis on emotions and feelings, but in his refusal to separate mind and body. Together, the scientist and the philosopher help us understand what we're made of, and what we're here for.
CHAPTER 1 Enter Feelings Enter Feelings Feelings of pain or pleasure or some quality in between are the bedrock of our minds. We often fail to notice this simple reality because the mental images of the objects and events that surround us, along with the images of the words and sentences that describe them, use up so much of our overburdened attention. But there they are, feelings of myriad emotions and related states, the continuous musical line of our minds, the unstoppable humming of the most universal of melodies that only dies down when we go to sleep, a humming that turns into all-out singing when we are occupied by joy, or a mournful requiem when sorrow takes over.* Given the ubiquity of feelings, one would have thought that their science would have been elucidated long ago-what feelings are, how they work, what they mean-but that is hardly the case. Of all the mental phenomena we can describe, feelings and their essential ingredients-pain and pleasure-are the least understood in biological and specifically neurobiological terms. This is all the more puzzling considering that advanced societies cultivate feelings shamelessly and dedicate so many resources and efforts to manipulating those feelings with alcohol, drugs of abuse, medical drugs, food, real sex, virtual sex, all manner of feel-good consumption, and all manner of feel-good social and religious practices. We doctor our feelings with pills, drinks, health spas, workouts, and spiritual exercises, but neither the public nor science have yet come to grips with what feelings are, biologically speaking. I am not really surprised at this state of affairs, considering what I grew up believing about feelings. Most of it simply was not true. For example, I thought that feelings were impossible to define with specificity, unlike objects you could see, hear, or touch. Unlike those concrete entities, feelings were intangible. When I started musing about how the brain managed to create the mind, I accepted the established advice that feelings were out of the scientific picture. One could study how the brain makes us move. One could study sensory processes, visual and otherwise, and understand how thoughts are put together. One could study how the brain learns and memorizes thoughts. One could even study the emotional reactions with which we respond to varied objects and events. But feelings-which can be distinguished from emotions, as we shall see in the next chapter-remained elusive. Feelings were to stay forever mysterious. They were private and inaccessible. It was not possible to explain how feelings happened or where they happened. One simply could not get "behind" feelings. As was the case with consciousness, feelings were beyond the bounds of science, thrown outside the door not just by the naysayers who worry that anything mental might actually be explained by neuroscience, but by card-carrying neuroscientists themselves, proclaiming allegedly insurmountable limitations. My own willingness to accept this belief as fact is evidenced by the many years I spent studying anything but feelings. It took me awhile to see the degree to which the injunction was unjustified and to realize that the neurobiology of feelings was no less viable than the neurobiology of vision or memory. But eventually I did, mostly, as it turns out, because I was confronted by the reality of neurological patients whose symptoms literally forced me to investigate their conditions. Imagine, for example, meeting someone who, as a result of damage to a certain location of his brain, became unable to feel compassion or embarrassment-when compassion or embarrassment were due-yet could feel happy, or sad, or fearful just as normally as before brain disease had set in. Would that not give you pause? Or picture a person who, as a result of damage located elsewhere in the brain, became unable to experience fear when fear was the appropriate reaction
In the seventeenth century, the philosopher Spinoza examined the role emotion played in human survival and culture. Yet hundreds of years and many significant scientific advances later, the neurobiological roots of joy and sorrow remain a mystery. Today, we spend countless resources doctoring our feelings with alcohol, prescription drugs, health clubs, therapy, vacation retreats, and other sorts of consumption; still, the inner workings of our minds-what feelings are, how they work, and what they mean-are largely an unexplored frontier. With scientific expertise and literary facility, bestselling author and world famous neuroscientist Antonio Damasio concludes his groundbreaking trilogy in Looking for Spinoza, exploring the cerebral processes that keep us alive and make life worth living.
In the seventeenth century, the philosopher Spinoza examined the role emotion played in human survival and culture. Yet hundreds of years and many significant scientific advances later, the neurobiological roots of joy and sorrow remain a mystery. Today, we spend countless resources doctoring our feelings with alcohol, prescription drugs, health clubs, therapy, vacation retreats, and other sorts of consumption; still, the inner workings of our minds-what feelings are, how they work, and what they mean-are largely an unexplored frontier. With scientific expertise and literary facility, bestselling author and world famous neuroscientist Antonio Damasio concludes his groundbreaking trilogy in Looking for Spinoza, exploring the cerebral processes that keep us alive and make life worth living.
In the seventeenth century, the philosopher Spinoza examined the role emotion played in human survival and culture. Yet hundreds of years and many significant scientific advances later, the neurobiological roots of joy and sorrow remain a mystery. Today, we spend countless resources doctoring our feelings with alcohol, prescription drugs, health clubs, therapy, vacation retreats, and other sorts of consumption; still, the inner workings of our minds-what feelings are, how they work, and what they mean-are largely an unexplored frontier.With scientific expertise and literary facility, bestselling author and world famous neuroscientist Antonio Damasio concludes his groundbreaking trilogy in Looking for Spinoza, exploring the cerebral processes that keep us alive and make life worth living.
The last in a trilogy of books that investigates the philosophical and scientific foundations of human life Joy, sorrow, jealousy, and awethese and other feelings are the stuff of our daily lives. In the seventeenth century, the philosopher Spinoza devoted much of his life's work examining how these emotions supported human survival, yet hundreds of years later the biological roots of what we feel remain a mystery. Leading neuroscientist Antonio Damasiowhose earlier books explore rational behavior and the notion of the selfrediscovers a man whose work ran counter to all the thinking of his day, pairing Spinoza's insights with his own innovative scientific research to help us understand what we're made of, and what we're here for.
With scientific expertise and literary facility, bestselling author and world famous neuroscientist Damasio concludes his groundbreaking trilogy in "Looking for Spinoza," exploring the cerebral processes that keep people alive and make life worth living.
'Compelling'
"Compelling."
"Compelling."
"Damasio has the rare talent of rendering science intelligible while also being gifted in philosophy, literature and wit."
"Damasio has the rare talent of rendering science intelligible while also being gifted in philosophy, literature and wit."
"In clear, accessible and eloquent prose, Damasio is outlining a new vision of the human soul."
"In clear, accessible and eloquent prose, Damasio is outlining a new vision of the human soul."
"Looking for Spinoza is exceptionally engaging and profoundly gratifying."
"Looking for Spinoza is exceptionally engaging and profoundly gratifying."
PRAISE FOR LOOKING FOR SPINOZA "Clear, accessible and at times eloquent . . . Nothing less than a new vision of the human soul."-San Francisco Chronicle "Compelling."-Scientific American "Exceptionally engaging and profoundly gratifying."-Nature
This is an enticingly original work that offers page after page of startling insights about the workings of the mind. It creates in its entirety that rarest of effects the quality of revelation.
"This is an enticingly original work that offers page after page of startling insights about the workings of the mind. It creates in its entirety that rarest of effectsthe quality of revelation." - William Styron
Contents CHAPTER 1 Enter Feelings Enter Feelings The Hague Looking for Spinoza Beware In the Paviljoensgracht CHAPTER 2 Of Appetites and Emotions Trust Shakespeare Emotions Precede Feelings A Nesting Principle More on the Emotion-Related Reactions: From Simple Homeostatic Regulation to Emotions-Proper The Emotions of Simple Organisms The Emotions-Proper A Hypothesis in the Form of a Definition The Brain Machinery of Emotion Triggering and Executing Emotions Out of the Blue The Brain Stem Switch Out-of-the-Blue Laughter Laughter and Some More Crying From the Active Body to the Mind CHAPTER 3 Feelings What Feelings Are Is There More to Feelings than the Perception of Body State? Feelings Are Interactive Perceptions Mixing Memory with Desire: An Aside Feelings in the Brain: New Evidence A Comment on Related Evidence Some More Corroborating Evidence The Substrate of Feelings Who Can Have Feelings? Body States versus Body Maps Actual Body States and Simulated Body States Natural Analgesia Empathy Hallucinating the Body The Chemicals of Feeling Varieties of Drug-Induced Felicity Enter the Naysayers More Naysayers CHAPTER 4 Ever Since Feelings Of Joy and Sorrow Feelings and Social Behavior Inside a Decision-Making Mechanism What the Mechanism Accomplishes The Breakdown of a Normal Mechanism Damage to Prefrontal Cortex in the Very Young What If the World? Neurobiology and Ethical Behaviors Homeostasis and the Governance of Social Life The Foundation of Virtue What Are Feelings For? CHAPTER 5 Body, Brain, and Mind Body and Mind The Hague, December 2, 1999 The Invisible Body Losing the Body and Losing the Mind The Assembly of Body Images A Qualification The Construction of Reality Seeing Things About the Origins of the Mind Body, Mind, and Spinoza Closing with Dr. Tulp CHAPTER 6 A Visit to Spinoza Rijnsburg, July 6, 2000 The Age The Hague, 1670 Amsterdam, 1632 Ideas and Events The Uriel da Costa Affair Jewish Persecution and the Marrano Tradition Excommunication The Legacy Beyond the Enlightenment The Hague, 1677 The Library Spinoza in My Mind CHAPTER 7 Who's There? The Contented Life Spinoza's Solution The Effectiveness of a Solution Spinozism Happy Endings? Appendices Notes Glossary Acknowledgments Index Copyright 2003 by Antonio Damasio All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to the following address: Permissions Department, Harcourt, Inc., 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777.
작가정보
저자(글) Damasio, Antonio
목차
Enter Feelings Enter Feelings p. 3 The Hague p. 8 Looking for Spinoza p. 15 Beware p. 17 In the Paviljoensgracht p. 23 Of Appetites and Emotions Trust Shakespeare p. 27 Emotions Precede Feelings p. 29 A Nesting Principle p. 37 More on the Emotion-Related Reactions: From Simple Homeostatic Regulation to Emotions-Proper p. 38 The Emotions of Simple Organisms p. 40 The Emotions-Proper p. 43 A Hypothesis in the Form of a Definition p. 53 The Brain Machinery of Emotion p. 54 Triggering and Executing Emotions p. 57 Out of the Blue p. 65 The Brain Stem Switch p. 73 Out-of-the-Blue Laughter p. 74 Laughter and Some More Crying p. 77 From the Active Body to the Mind p. 79 Feelings What Feelings Are p. 83 Is There More to Feelings than the Perception of Body State? p. 89 Feelings Are Interactive Perceptions p. 91 Mixing Memory with Desire: An Aside p. 93 Feelings in the Brain: New Evidence p. 96 A Comment on Related Evidence p. 101 Some More Corroborating Evidence p. 104 The Substrate of Feelings p. 105 Who Can Have Feelings? p. 109 Body States versus Body Maps p. 111 Actual Body States and Simulated Body States p. 112 Natural Analgesia p. 113 Empathy p. 115 Hallucinating the Body p. 118 The Chemicals of Feeling p. 119 Varieties of Drug-Induced Felicity p. 121 Enter the Naysayers p. 124 More Naysayers p. 126 Ever Since Feelings Of Joy and Sorrow p. 137 Feelings and Social Behavior p. 140 Inside a Decision-Making Mechanism p. 144 What the Mechanism Accomplishes p. 147 The Breakdown of a Normal Mechanism p. 150 Damage to Prefrontal Cortex in the Very Young p. 152 What If the World? p. 155 Neurobiology and Ethical Behaviors p. 159 Homeostasis and the Governance of Social Life p. 166 The Foundation of Virtue p. 170 What Are Feelings For? p. 175 Body, Brain, and Mind Body and Mind p. 183 The Hague, December 2, 1999 p. 184 The Invisible Body p. 187 Losing the Body and Losing the Mind p. 191 The Assembly of Body Images p. 195 A Qualification p. 198 The Construction of Reality p. 198 Seeing Things p. 200 About the Origins of the Mind p. 204 Body, Mind, and Spinoza p. 209 Closing with Dr. Tulp p. 217 A Visit to Spinoza Rijnsburg, July 6, 2000 p. 223 The Age p. 224 The Hague, 1670 p. 227 Amsterdam, 1632 p. 230 Ideas and Events p. 236 The Uriel da Costa Affair p. 240 Jewish Persecution and the Marrano Tradition p. 245 Excommunication p. 250 The Legacy p. 254 Beyond the Enlightenment p. 258 The Hague, 1677 p. 261 The Library p. 262 Spinoza in My Mind p. 263 Who's There? The Contented Life p. 267 Spinoza's Solution p. 273 The Effectiveness of a Solution p. 277 Spinozism p. 279 Happy Endings? p. 283 Appendices p. 291 Notes p. 299 Glossary p. 333 Acknowledgments p. 337 Index p. 339 Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.
기본정보
ISBN | 9780156028714 ( 0156028719 ) |
---|---|
발행(출시)일자 | 2023년 09월 25일 |
쪽수 | 368쪽 |
크기 |
136 * 206
* 22
mm
/ 349 g
|
총권수 | 1권 |
언어 | 영어 |
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