Embedded Media Processing
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Preface p. xix History of This Book p. xix Chapter Overviews p. xx Embedded Media Processing p. xx Memory Systems p. xx Direct Memory Access (DMA) p. xxi System Resource Partitioning and Code Optimization p. xxi Basics of Embedded Audio Processing p. xxi Basics of Embedded Video and Image Processing p. xxi Media Processing Frameworks p. xxii Power Management for Embedded Systems p. xxii Application Examples p. xxiii Acknowledgments p. xxiii Acronyms p. xxv About the Authors p. xxix What's on the CD-ROM? p. xxxi Embedded Media Processing p. 1 Why Are You Reading This Book? p. 1 So What's All the Excitement About Embedded Multimedia Systems? p. 2 A Simplified Look at a Media Processing System p. 4 Core Processing p. 4 Input/Output Subsystems-Peripheral Interfaces p. 6 Memory Subsystem p. 11 Laying the Groundwork for an EMP Application p. 11 What Kind(s) of Media Am I Dealing With? p. 12 What Do I Need to Do With the Data? p. 12 Are My System Needs Likely to Change Over Time, or Will This Be a Static System? p. 12 Is This a Portable Application? p. 12 Does my Application Require a Fixed-Point or Floating-Point Device? p. 13 How Does the Data Get Into and/or Out of the Chip? p. 14 How Do I Develop on the Processor? p. 14 Do I Need an Operating System? p. 14 What Are the Different Ways to Benchmark a Processor? p. 15 How Much Am I Willing to Spend? p. 16 OK, So What Processor Choices Do I Have? p. 17 A Look Inside the Blackfin Processor p. 26 System View p. 27 Computational Units p. 28 Memory Model p. 29 DMA p. 30 Instruction Flow p. 30 Event Handler p. 31 Protection of Resources p. 32 Programming Model p. 32 Power Management p. 33 What's Next? p. 35 Memory Systems p. 37 Introduction p. 37 Memory Spaces p. 38 L1 Instruction Memory p. 40 L1 Data Memory p. 41 Cache Overview p. 42 What Is Cache? p. 42 More Cache Details p. 46 External Memory p. 51 Synchronous Memory p. 52 Asynchronous Memory p. 65 What's Next? p. 73 Direct Memory Access p. 75 Introduction p. 75 DMA Controller Overview p. 76 More on the DMA Controller p. 78 Programming the DMA Controller p. 80 DMA Classifications p. 92 Advanced DMA Features p. 99 System Performance Tuning p. 99 External DMA p. 100 What's Next? p. 101 System Resource Partitioning and Code Optimization p. 103 Introduction p. 103 Event Generation and Handling p. 104 System Interrupts p. 104 Programming Methodology p. 107 Architectural Features for Efficient Programming p. 108 Multiple Operations per Cycle p. 109 Hardware Loop Constructs p. 110 Specialized Addressing Modes p. 112 Interlocked Instruction Pipelines p. 116 Compiler Considerations for Efficient Programming p. 119 System and Core Synchronization p. 125 Load/Store Synchronization p. 126 Ordering p. 126 Atomic Operations p. 129 Memory Architecture-The Need for Management p. 129 Memory Access Tradeoffs p. 129 Instruction Memory Management-To Cache or To DMA? p. 131 Data Memory Management p. 132 System Guidelines for Choosing Between DMA and Cache p. 135 Memory Management Unit (MMU) p. 140 Physics of Data Movement p. 141 Grouping Like Transfers to Minimize Memory Bus Turnarounds p. 142 Understanding Core and DMA SDRAM Accesses p. 144 Keeping SDRAM Rows Open and Performing Multiple Passes on Data p. 145 Optimizing the System Clock Settings and Ensuring Refresh Rates are Tuned for the Speed At Which SDRAM Runs p. 147 Exploiting Priority and Arbitration Schemes Between System Resources p. 148 What's Next? p. 148 Basics of Embedded Audio Processing p. 149 Introduction p. 149 What Is Sound? p. 149 Audio Signals p. 151 Speech Processing p. 152 Audio Sources and Sinks p. 152 Converting Between Analog and Digital Audio Signals p. 152 Background on Audio Converters p. 155 Connecting to Audio Converters p. 156 Interconnections p. 160 Dynamic Range and Precision p. 162 Numeric Formats for Audio p. 166 Audio Processing Methods p. 174 Getting Data to the Processor's Core p. 174 Block Processing versus Sample Processing p. 174 Double-Buffering p. 174 2D DMA p. 176 Basic Operations p. 176 Signal Generation p. 178 Filtering and Algorithms p. 178 Sample Rate Conversion p. 180 Audio Compression p. 181 Speech Compression p. 184 What's Next? p. 187 Basics of Embedded Video and Image Processing p. 189 Introduction p. 189 Human Visual Perception p. 189 What's a Video Signal? p. 191 Broadcast TV-NTSC and PAL p. 193 Video Resolution p. 193 Interlaced versus Progressive Scanning p. 194 Color Spaces p. 195 Gamma Correction p. 196 Chroma Subsampling p. 198 Digital Video p. 201 ITU-R BT.601 (formerly CCIR-601) p. 202 ITU-R BT.656 (formerly CCIR-656) p. 202 A Systems View of Video p. 206 Video Sources p. 207 Video Displays p. 214 Embedded Video Processing Considerations p. 219 Video Port Features p. 219 Video ALUs p. 223 DMA Considerations p. 227 Classification of Video Algorithms p. 229 Bandwidth Calculations p. 230 Sample Video Application Walk-Through p. 231 Deinterlacing p. 232 Scan Rate Conversion p. 233 Pixel Processing p. 234 2D Convolution p. 235 Dealing With Image Boundaries p. 236 Chroma Resampling, Gamma Correction and Color Conversion p. 237 Scaling and Cropping p. 238 Display Processing p. 239 Compression/Decompression p. 241 Lossless versus Lossy Compression p. 242 Image Compression p. 243 Video Compression p. 245 Encoding/Decoding on an EMP p. 250 What's Next? p. 252 Media Processing Frameworks p. 253 Introduction p. 253 What Is a Framework? p. 254 Defining Your Framework p. 255 The Application Timeline p. 256 Asymmetric and Symmetric Dual-Core Processors p. 264 Programming Models p. 265 Asymmetric Programming Model p. 265 Homogeneous Programming Model p. 267 Strategies for Architecting a Framework p. 270 Processing Data On-the-Fly p. 270 Programming Ease Trumps Performance p. 273 Performance-Based Framework p. 276 Framework Tips p. 282 Other Topics in Media Frameworks p. 283 Audio-Video Synchronization p. 283 Managing System Flow p. 285 Frameworks and Algorithm Complexity p. 289 What's Next? p. 289 Power Management for Embedded Systems p. 291 Introduction p. 291 A Processor's View of Power p. 292 Input Clock p. 293 Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) p. 293 Frequency, Voltage and Power p. 294 Processor Power Modes p. 297 Power Domains p. 301 Other Considerations p. 302 Voltage Regulation p. 303 Linear Regulators p. 304 Switching Regulators p. 305 Efficiency p. 310 Component Selection for Step-Down Regulators p. 311 Schottky Diode and FET Switch p. 311 Inductor Considerations p. 312 Capacitor Considerations p. 314 Switching Frequency p. 317 Calculating System Power p. 318 Average Power Dissipation p. 318 Battery Fundamentals p. 321 Primary Batteries p. 322 Rechargeable Batteries p. 323 Relative Power for External Devices p. 326 Application Examples p. 327 Introduction p. 327 Automotive Driver Assistance p. 328 Automotive Safety Systems p. 328 Lane Departure-A System Example p. 331 Baseline JPEG Compression Overview p. 344 Preprocessing p. 344 Spatial Filtering p. 345 Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) p. 346 Quantization p. 347 Zigzag Sorting p. 348 Coding the DC Coefficients p. 349 Coding the AC Coefficients (Run-Length Coding) p. 350 Entropy Encoding p. 350 JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) p. 352 MPEG-2 Encoding p. 353 Motion Estimation/Compensation p. 354 Frame Types p. 356 Format Conversion p. 357 MPEG-2 Encoder Frameworks p. 359 Code Optimization Study Using Open-Source Algorithms p. 363 What Is Open Source? p. 363 Optimizing Vorbis and Speex on Blackfin p. 366 Sources and Further Reading p. 373 Chapter 1 p. 373 Chapter 2 p. 373 Chapter 3 p. 374 Chapter 4 p. 374 Chapter 5 p. 374 Chapter 6 p. 375 Chapter 7 p. 377 Chapter 8 p. 377 Chapter 9 p. 378 Index p. 379 Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.
기본정보
ISBN | 9780750679121 ( 0750679123 ) |
---|---|
발행(출시)일자 | 2005년 09월 07일 |
쪽수 | 424쪽 |
크기 |
190 * 235
* 27
mm
/ 866 g
|
총권수 | 1권 |
언어 | 영어 |
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